MSS SC 1072 - Edwin L. Sabin papers Number of Pages: 69 It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain any copyright clearances. Permission to publish material from this/these transcript(s) must be obtained from the Supervisor of Reference Services and/or the L. Tom Perry Special Collection Coordinating Committee. [Notes added by transcribers are in square brackets. Dashes in square brackets indicate unclear words or letters. indicate words the author inserted to a previously written line.] ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I10_p001.jpg) Banquet TENDERED BY THE Masonic Fraternity of Caos County, New Mexico, TO THE Officers and Members of the Grand Lodge, A.F. & A. M. AND Visiting Brothers ON THE OCCASION OF DEDICATION OF ENCLOSURE OF GRAVE OF Christopher C. Earson. [photo of Cristopher C. Earson.] At the Taos Hotel Wednesday Evening, July 8, 1908 at 8:30 p. m. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I10_p002.jpg) [column 1] MENU Consomme Italiene Paste Radishes Queen Olives Jugged Mountain Trout Roast Spring Lamb, Green Peas Roast Young Turkey French Fried Potatoes Asparagus Tomatoes a la Princess Ice Cream Assorted Cakes Fruit Cheese Crackers Cafe Noir [column 2] COMMITTEES. COMMITTEE OF GRAND LODGE. Clinton J. Crandall Salomon Spitz Isaac W. Dwyer LOCAL COMMITTEE ON ARRANGEMENTS. B. G. Randall Frank C. Ellis Gerson Gusdorf RECEPTION. T. P. Martin Abe Smith Chas. Craig S. Wedeles INVITATION. G. A. Dennis Alex. Anderson W.S. Witt TOAST MASTER. Dr. T. P. Martin ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I10_p003.jpg) OFFICERS OF GRAND LODGE A.F. & A.M. OF NEW MEXICO. 1907-8. J.W. Willson . . . . . Grand Master C.D. Stevens . . . . Deputy Grand Master Frank Johnson . . . . Senior Grand Warden E. L. Medler . . . . Junior Grand Warden A. J. Maloy . . . . . Grand Treasurer A. A. Keen . . . . . Grand Secretary Robert Kellahin . . . . Grand Lecturer E. McQueen Gray . . . . Grand Chaplain M. R. Williams . . Senior Grand Deacon W. B. Walton . . Junior Grand Deacon H.F. Hare . . . . Grand Marshal H.H. Major . . . . Senior Grand Steward B.W. Randall . . Junior Grand Steward J.P. McNulty . . . Grand Sword Bearer A M. Whitcomb . . . Grand Tyler ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I11_p001.jpg) Record of an officer of the Civil War, Born in Rhode Island, March 15, 1834, and who served in the First California Infantry, and First New Mexico Infantry, from Aug. 15th, 1861to Sept. 1st, 1866, 5 years and 15 days. HEADQUARTERS California Volunteer Veteran Association. [image of bear keychain] GEO. H. PETTIS, Providence, R. I. July 28th., 1908. SECRETARY AND TREASURER. References to myself will be found in the following named volumes of the "War of the Rebellion official Records of the Union and Confeder- ate Armies:" Vol. XXXIV, Serial No. 62, page 209. Vol. XLI, Serial No. 83, pages 939 to 934. Vol. XLI, Serial No. 86, pages 198, 199, 381, 446, 994. Vol. XLVIII, Serial No. 101, page 906. Vol. XLVIII, Serial No. 102, pages 270, 377, 1247. Vol. L, Serial No. 106, page 24. Also," the Seventeenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Eth- nology," 1895-'96, Part 1, embracing "The Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians,"pp. 314 to 317. In the fight at the Adobe Walls, November 25th., 1864, between the Union forces and the Comanche and Kiowa Indians, there were 13 officers and and 263 enlisted men, and 72 Utes and Apache Indians engaged, and over 5,000 Comanche and Kiowa Indians. Our troops were under the command of Col. Christopher (Kit) Carson, and I was in command of the section of Mountain Howitzers. Geo. H. Pettis. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I12_p001.jpg) HEADQUARTERS California Volunteer Veteran Association. [picture of bear keychain] Providence, R.I. August 8th., 1908. GEO. H. PETTIS, SECRETARY AND TREASURER. Edwin L. Sabin, Esq., Denver, Colo. My Dear Sir:-- Yours, of July 31st., came duly to hand. I have written a dozen or more stories for the Santa Fe New Mexican, of personal experiences on the frontier, which they have published in the last five years. One of the best was my encountering Senator Stephen B. Elkins, then a youth and the Attorney General of the Territory of New Mexico, down on the "Jornardo del Muerto." The story of the "California Column" was written for that paper, and had I known that the Historical Society of New Mexico would have published it, I would have extended it at least three times. When you have read it let me have your criticism. The battle of the "Adobe Walls" was the biggest Indian fight that ever took place West of the Mississippi river, that is, there were more In- dians engaged in it than any other fight. I enclose you some references which I wish You eould look up, as I think You will find interesting. In the "War of the Rebellion Records" you will find in Vol. XLVIII, Serial No. 102, pages 1247, and following the official account of the fight. But the most interesting account you will find in the"17th Annual Reprt of the Bureau of American Ethnology" 1895-96, part 1, embracing the "Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians," pages 314 to 317. These books you can find in any public library. In 1880 I wrote quite a n account of this fight, compris- ing some forty or more pages, which was published by the "Soldier's and Sailor's Historical Society" of ths city. The work is out of print, and I do not know where a copy could be obtained. I have one in my library. I send you by this mail, the photo of "Kit" Carson, the last one he had ever taken, and certainly the best one, which fact I can personally vouch for. Hoping to hear from you soon, I am very respectfully, Geo H. Pettis. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I13_p001.jpg) State of Rhode Island State Sealer of Weights, Measures and Balances. STATE HOUSE, ROOMS 18 AND 19. Providence, R.I., December 24th. 190 8. [print of seal of Rhode Island] GEORGE H. PETTIS, STATE SEALER. Edwin L. Sabin, Esq., Denver, Colo. My Dear Sir:-- Yours of the 19th inst. came duly to hand, and when you received Pamphlet No. 12, of the New Mexico Historical Society, you will have my article on the fight at "The Adobe Walls." This with the Ethnological Report, and the "Official Records of the Union and ConfederateArmies in the War of the Rebellion," will give all the material you may want. Now, let me say a word about Col. Carson. He was illiterate, could barely write his own name, which was C. Carson. ler me give you an illustration: In the fall of 1863, when he had started on his campaign against the Navajoes, Co. H, of my regiment, (First California Infatry), was ordered to his command, from Alburquerque. It was hard march ing, without water. The first march was from the Rio Grande to the Rio Puerco, thene some forty or more miles. Thence, fifty or more miles to Old Fort Wingate. The command arrived late in the afternoon, and after getting settled down, one of the menwent to the Company Clerk, and asked hin to write an order on the Post Commissary, in order that he might pur- chase a quart of molasses, the order was required to be signed by the com- manding officer of the post, then Col. Carson. The man went over to the Colonel's quartersand presenting his order asked that he would sign it as he was not well, explaining to the Colonel the import of the order. The Colonel, who was always the best natured of men, signed it, and the man got his molasses. The man upon his return to his quarters, informed the men that he believed that the Colonel could not read manuscript, relating his experience with him. It was the order that no enlisted man could purchase whiskey at the sutler's except upon the order of the commanding officer. So one of the men, who was anxious to get some whiskey, thought he would tryand see what he could do with the Colonel in this direction. He had the Company Clerk write an order upon the sutler for a canteen of whiskey, (the price was $5:00). He accordingly appeared before the Colonel and told nim that he wanted a quart of molasses at the commissary, as he was not feeling very well, and that the order was for that purpose. The Colonel signed it as before, and the man went to the sutler's and obtained his canteen of whiskey, he paying for the same. The news soon spread through the company, and there was abrisk business at the sutler store for the next two weeks. It happened that abit this time that the Colonel made a visit to the sutler--John Walters-- and among other things asked John how was business with him? John answered him by saying that he had sold two barrel of whiskey by the canteen, to the men of H Compnay, Upon this the Colonel waxed warm, and said "John, don't you know that it is agin orders to sell whiskey to enlisted men of the post without the written order of the com- ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I13_p002.jpg) Page . State of Rhode Island State Sealer of Weights, Measures and Balances. [seal of state of Rhode Island] STATE HOUSE, ROOMS 18 AND 19. GEORGE H. PETTIS, Providence, R.I.,....................190... STATE SEALER. manding officer." John saidB"that he knew it very well." And further added that every sale was made upon his order, and showed him a wire set in a block of wood, where he had the orders< >strung, which was nearly a foot high. There were no more orders on the sutler, as the Colonel would not sign an order until his Adjutant, Lieut. John Murphy, had read first. The campaign against the Navajoes was nominally under the command of Col. Carson, but the fact was that Capt. Asa B. Carey, U. S. 13th In- fantry, was the commander, although he held only the position of Chif Chief Quartermaster. In the first week in January, 1864, they had 253 Navajoe Indian prisoners at Fort Wingate, and Carson was ordered to proceed with them to the Rio Grande, which he did, and arrived at Peralta, where I had been stationed a few weeks, and by orders from the Deaprtment commander, he turned these prisoners to my command, and I made an eighteen days march to Fort Sumner, on the Rio Pecos, where I arrived and turned them over to the commander of the post, with one indian in excess of the number that I had signed to Col. Carson for. The Colonel was very fond of bean poker--that is where beans were used for poker chips-- and we played for good stakes too. but the Colonel was a very careful player. That is, that when he made a bet and you called him, he never had less than "Two Pairs." I could go on telling you stories of this kind until you were tired, but I guess this will do for the present I was in Washington last week, attending a convention of the State Sealers of Weights and Measures of the United States, and outside of the convention had an unpleasant time, as it rained all the time that I was there. I made a short visit to an old comrade of the "California Column," at Harrisburg, Penn., and finally arrived home none the worsr for the trip. Wishing you a "Merry Christmas" and a "Happy New Year," Im yours, very respectfully, Geo. H. Pettis, ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I14_p001.jpg) HEADQUARTERS California Volunteer Veteran Association. [image of bear star and moon chain] Providence R. I. Jany 11th. 1909. GEO. H. PETTIS, SECRETARY AND TREASURER. Edwin L. Sabin, Esq., Denver, Colo. My Esteemed Sir:-- Yours of the 2d inst. is at hand. In answer to your question, "Why was the first one, under Kit Carson, called the Adobe Walls?" Well, in answer, I will say that we found on the ground about which we fought all day, a well built adobe structure, about eighty< >feet, as I reccollect it, square, with walls about nine feet high, and only one entrance, on the east side. During the time of the action, our force, which were all cavalry, except my battery, had all their horses on the inside, and Sur- geon Geo. S. Courtright established his headquarters in there, and he treated all his wounded in there. The soldiers were on the< >outside, scattered through the field as skirmishers. I do not remember McCabe. Do you want another story about Carson? Well, when he came down to the Rio Grande, from the Navajoe country, in January 1864, he< >brought with him 253 Navajoe Indian prisoners. I received oredrs from the Depart- ment, Commander, Gen. James H. Carleton, to receipt to Carson for these prisoners, and then proceed with< >them, to the Bosque Redonde, (Fort Sump- ter), a march of eighteen days. The day before I started with them, I had delivered to me a lot of blankets, cooking utensils, etc., etc., to be de- livered to the Indians. My only orders were to deliver to the bucks the red blankets, and to the aquaws and children I was to deliver the gray (over) ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I14_p002.jpg) Page . ones. The day before the distribution, Col. Carson called on me, and asked me to do favor for him, which I promised to do,. Among the pris- oners were two very pretty young squaws, Marie and Petra by name, and he asked me, in making the distribution, to see that they received the red blankets, in place of the gray ones. And they got them. There was noth- ing wrong in this request, it only showed his great heartedness. I have written a dozen or more personal reminiscences of the fron- tier, where I passed fifteen years of my lifetime, which were published int the Santa Fe New Mexican. The last one was published in the Daily New Mexican Of Jan December 26th, 1908. If you can get them I think you will be very much interested. As ever, I am yours, very respectfully, Geo. H. Pettis, ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I15_p001.jpg) Fort Sam Huston Texas January 13th 1909. Edwin L. Sabin Denver Colorado Dear Sir. I am in receipt of your letter of Dec 19th /08- The Campaign of 1863-4 against the Navajoe Indians was organized by Genl James H. Carlton Comdg Dept of New Mexico the summer of 1863 Col C. Carson of the 1st Regt N.M. Yols was assigned to the Command; in general terms his instructions were to pursue the Indians until they finally should surrender and consent to go to and remain on a reservation that had been set aside for them on the Pecos River known as Bosque Redondo (Fort Sumner) - So far as I know there was no stipulation that Col Carson was not to be "bothered with expressmen" Of course he was permitted the lattitude that is always accorded an indep- ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I15_p002.jpg) -endent Commander operating at a distance from Dept Head Quarters. The troops comprising the Command were the 1st Regt New Mexican Volunteers of which Carson was Colonel, and were not selected or "picked" men - These troops took the field outfitting and starting from Los Pinos on the Rio Grande about 20 miles south of Albuquerque N.M. the latter part of July or early in August 1863. and were actively engaged in scouting against the Indians until the latter part of January 1864 the greater part of the tribe came into camp at the West end of Cañon de Chilly and signified their acceptance of the terms offered viz: to go to, and remain upon the Bosque Redondo reservation; they were permitted to retain their arms and all property, including ponies and sheep; they were to be furnished transpor- tation for such as were unable to walk and with rations of bacon and flour - Between the end of January and middle of June 1864 some 9,000 men women and children were transferred to the reservation where they remained until 1868 or 9 when a reservation was set aside for them covering thier own country to which they were permitted ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I15_p003.jpg) adventures and in the main is correct: I read the book to him while he passed criticisms, of which I made note on interleaves; the book disapeared and I was never able to find it. If you could get hold of Peters book it would give you much authentic matireal; it should be found in Taos, for it was widely distributed in N.M. I enclose an absurd newspaper article that was sent to me not long ago. So far as I know Carson never had an Indian wife His wife was a Miss Banbrin (I think that was her name) Her father, a Frenchman her mother a Mexican- I have forgotten how many children but several boys- I saw Carson last in the spring of 1868 in Chicago Ills; he was returning to Taos from Washington where he had taken some Ute Indians: He was in bad health and died a few months later in the quarters of Wert H. R. Tillen the surgeon of the post of Fort Lyon Col His last words as repeated by Wert Tillen to me were "Adios Compadre" Resp Yours A.B. Carey ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I15_p004.jpg) to return under the promise of good behavior- There was nothing spectacular about Carsons cam- -paigain; it was one of constant hard scouting with now and then a skirmish; the idea being to wear the Indians out by capture of their herds of sheep and ponies (they had no other live stock) the destruction of their fields of corn, beans, pumpkins &c; the covering by occupancy by small detachments of troops of all water supply which in the end would result in acceptance by them of Genl Carltons terms- The same policy was pursued in the Campaign of 1860-1 commanded by Col E. R. D. Canby(later Killed by ModocIndians) when the Navajoes were pushed in the same way to final surrender the only difference being that peace was made by Genl Canby, the Indians remaining in their oven country, whereas in the Campaign of 1863-4 they were sent out of their own country under guard, and Kept under guard and fed at a specified place. True; Carsons campaign was a great success, indeede it was the last war against the Navajoes and to Genl James H. Carlton belongs the credit of its great success, inasmuch as he pursued them to a reservation and confined them to it. I was on the Campaign of 1860-1 and on that of 1863-4 In the former as 2d Lieut I commanded a Co of Infy ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I15_p005.jpg) while in the latter as Captain of Infy I was Chief Quarter -master and Chief of Staff succeeding Col Carson in the Command of the Expidition when he left for Santa Fe the end of January 1864. Col Carson had authority, whenever he had captured 100 Indians to leave the Command and take his prisoners to Santa Fe, and he was not slow in doing it, for he had by metering pursuit scouting and hard work accomplished the end in view; all that remained was to get the surrendered Indians to the reservation; this was left to me, as it simply involved the transportation and feeding, no great difficulties were met- Carson was breretted a Brigadeer General of Volunteers and he deserved it and more. He was a remarkable man: Modest and unassuming, but a man of great strength of character. Absolutely honest; to us to his friends and if an enemy a good one. He very much defericated the efforts to make him a hero or a man of mark, and he seldom could be induced to talk of his many adventures and hairbreaths escapes, and then only to intimate friends. A life of Kit Carson was written by Doct DeWitt C. Peters an Army Surgeon give many of his ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I16_p001.jpg) ESTABLISHED 1871 ROBERT C. LOWRY & CO, WHOLESALE EXPORTERS AMERICAN WOODEN BOXES, Johnston Bldg.,Broadway, Cor 28th Street, New York. PHONE, 5019 MADISON, CABLE ADDRESS. "LOWYORK, NEW YORK" LOWRY BOX-CODE. July 12, 1909. Edw. L. Sabin Esq., #754 Quebec Street, Denver, Colo. My dear Sir:- Absence has delayed reply to yours of June 17th and I will of course be pleased to give you every information in my posses- sion pertaining to my old friend Gen'l Christopher Carson, well known as "Kit Carson." My recollection of him was that he had sandy hair, (straight not curly) which latter is verified by his photograph in my possession. I do not remember the color of his eyes, but think that they were either blue or grey. His head was large and round and his cheek- bones prominent and far apart, with a small chin; he was a small sized man, not over about 5 ft. 6 or 7, and weighed I should judge about 140 lbs. As I notice that you mention a "Lieut. Brewerton," would ask if this is not an error in spelling, for I remember no such party; but I do remember Lieut. Brotherton, he was stationed in New Mexico in those early days '61 to '65 and I think he then belonged to the Fifth United States Infantry. As to Carsons' story of the killing of 10 Buffalos with 9 balls would say that he was somewhere down in the lower Arkansas River with a scouting party commanded by Capt. James H. Carleton later on Brig. Gen.JH Carelton who commanded the department of New Mexico from 1863 to 1865 or '66. Carson was then stationed at Ft. Union, New Mexico and was engaged in organizing the first regiment of New Mexican Volunteers. He was a member of our mess, which consisted of Capt, P.W.L. Plympton, now deceased, Gen'l. A.B. Carey, now re- tired and residing at Vineyard Haven, Mass, myself and 2 or 3 others, and in the cold winter evenings over a roaring fire-place and a bowl of generous punch we smoked our pipes and told stories. Carson was always reticent and sparing in speech but whenever he got warmed up with a nice glass of punch his tongue would loosen itself a little and he would join in the "Story Telling." His account of the Buffalo Shooting was to the effect that so many of the soldiers had returned to camp with reports of poor shooting and bad luck in killing Buffalo, that he made a wager that he could go down and kill 10 Buffalos with 10 balls. In accomplishing this he got two Buffalo Bulls in Range and one ball killed them both and that is the way he killed 10 Buffalos with 9 balls. There were other yarns of his, most of which I have forgotten, but I remember his account of the attempted rescue of Mrs. White, who with her family were captured by the Arrapahoe Indians, or Ute Indians, I have forgotten which. The Indians butchered the entire party excepting Mrs. White, who by means of torn pieces from her dress, and words written on leaves or bark with the point of a stick and her own blood left a trail and enabled the rescuing party to know the special lodge in which she was ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I16_p002.jpg) E.L.S. #2. July 12, 1909. located. The Indian Camp was jumped at day-break and one member of Carson's party who was detailed to take care of that special lodge in order to prevent the occupant of it killing Mrs. White, before he left it, was himself killed before he reached the lodge and Mrs. White's body was found inside of the lodge, her split open with a hatchet or axe. Carson always asserted (with much sadness and sympathy) that the body of poor Mrs. White was found in such a terrible con- dition from the torments and indignities to which she had been sub- jected by her Indian Captors, that had she been a sister, daughter or wife of his he would have almost felt that her death was the most merciful thing that could have befallen her. Carson was a man of a most kindly and gentle sprit; un- assuming, quiet, and the last person in appearance or manner that one would suppose to be possessed of qualities that made him famous. I was quite a boy at the time, full of enthusiasm and ro- mance, possibly my greeness attracted him, he always seemed to want me to be with him and talk with him; he being specially fond of funny Stories, he always insisted upon my repeating many times over several of them, the recital of which he seemed to enjoy no matter how many times over he heard it. This is about all I can remember at present on this sub- ject, and you are welcome to use the same in your book of which I hope you will send me a copy when it is published. The photograph of Gen'l. Carson being in a group of some ten other Army Officers who sat with him for said picture it would be rather a difficult and expensive matter to have it copied. Very truly yours, Robt. C. Lowry P.S. Presume that you have heard of the death of Mr. Peters which occured in Providence, R.I. a month or two ago. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I17_p001.jpg) BALDWIN BLOCK Council Bluffs, Iowa March 9, 1910. Mr. Edwin L. Sabin, 754 Quebec St., Denver, Colorado. Dear Sir:- I am in receipt of yours of March 3rd. I enclose you the only print that I have of Bridger and I also send you my pamphlet on Bridger which has a print of him in it. You will find in the Cavalry Journal, I think the one for January, a long account of Kit Carson when he was Colonel of the New Mexico regiment. Captain Frank McCoy sent a copy to me from Fort Wingate. I think that was the post where Carson was located. It is very interesting; it gives a great deal of history in relation to it but any officer at Ft. Logan can tell you where to get a copy of the magazine, no doubt they all have it themselves. I do not know of anyone living that was personally acquainted with Carons. I knew him well. His life has been written up which gives a verry full account of him. Chittendon's American Fur Traders and the Jesuit and Thwaits Travelers, in different volumes, a large numbef of which are published by the A. M. Clark Co. of Cleveland, have a great deal in them about Carson. There has been no published account of the plain campaign of Tongue River. I have written up that campaign but never used it. I don't suppose there is anyone that knows as much about it as I do. Captain H. L. Palmer of Omaha wrote up an account of the battle of Tongue River that was published in some paper, I do not know what, but that campaign included the campaign against the Apatchees and Comanchees on the south and against the Sioux, Arapahoes and Cheyennes on the north. If I ever publish my article, I will send you a copy. I am sending you at this time a book on the Union Pacific which may interest you. I am, Truly, G W Dodge ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I18_p001.jpg) [printed insignia] East Las Vegas, New Mexico March 11, 1910. Dear Mr. Sabin:-- Many thanks for your kind letter relative to my small work on 'The Military Occupation.' The statement came from Col. Carson himself to his friends here in Las Vegas. I received it from Col. M. Bruns- wick and verified it by Elias Brevoort, who was personally familiar with the circumstance. I call your attention to the typ error in the book; the date when Carson's remains were taken to Taos was in 1869. Truly yours, R.E.F michell ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I19_p001.jpg) BALDWIN BLOCK Council Bluffs, Iowa March 14, 1910. Mr. Edwin L. Sabin, 754 Quebec St., Denver, Colo. Dear Sir:- I did not intend that you should return the pamphlets that I sent you. I find that Captain Palmer's paper on the Tongue River Campaign was printed in the 2nd volume of the Historical Society of Nebraska and I think by writing them you could get the volume. The Bridger print is a copy of the daguerreotype. The original has a letter from his daughter writtern on the back of it when she sent the print to me so I had copies made for use. You see the print of Bridger in the Bridger pamphlet is a copy of what I sent you, only smaller. Inman's statement in theSante Fe Trail about Bridger being brought to Denver to sektch the mountains on drawing paper for the Union Pacific Engineers is all romance. They never had him for a guide. He was with me in explorations but he was never with my parties in making the surveys. Mr. James A. Evans who made the survey through Bridger Pass in 1864, consulted Bridger at my suggest- tion but Bridger was not with him. Bridger was at that time in the Indian campaigns. Your name is on the list for the book on "How We Built the Union Pacific Railroad" and it will reach you in due time. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I19_p002.jpg) BALDWIN BLOCK Council Bluffs, Iowa - - I don't know who made the copies of Bridger at Kansas City. The print I had made was made in New York by Unz & Co. 26 Broadway. I think when you read Kit Carson's campaings against the Navajoes, you will think there were very few weak points in his methods. He was almost entirely a guide and not atrapper.. Of course you know all about his saving Fremont's party in the southern Pass. You know Fremont undertook to that trip at Carson's protest, a great snow storm over took them and if Carson had not gone to his relief, he and his whole party would have been lost. This appears, I think, in Fremont's reports; any way it is in the life of Kit Carson. Truly, GwDodge ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I1_p001.jpg) This is to certify that William Carson merits the approbation of his [---] for good conduct the past three months. John I, Lux principal of the Lux Academy, Taos, N. Mexico February 25th, 1858. Photostat reproduction from Wm Carson approbation Date_____ Pg__ Col__ Photostated_________ by UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY School report of William Carson 24 yrs + 4 mos old, Kit Carson's son ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I20_p001.jpg) THE NATIONAL HOME FOR DISABLED VOLUNTEER SOLDIERS. BRANCHES AND POST OFFICE ADDRESSES. CENTRAL BRANCH: SOUTHERN BRANCH: DANVILLE BRANCH: National Military Home, Ohio. National Soldiers' Home, Virginia. National Home, Danville, Illinois. NORTHWESTERN BRANCH: WESTERN BRANCH: MOUNTAIN BRANCH: National Home, Wisconsin. National Military Home, Kansas. National Soldiers' Home, Tennessee. EASTERN BRANCH: PACIFIC BRANCH: BATTLE MOUNTAIN SANITARIUM: National Soldiers' Home, Maine. Soldiers' Home, California. Hot Springs, South Dakota. MARION BRANCH: National Military Home, Indiana. MANAGERS. THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES; THE CHIEF JUSTICE; THE SECRETARY OF WAR Ex-Officiis, Washington, D. C. MAJOR JAMES W. WADSWORTH, President, 346 Broadway (New York Life Building), New York, N. Y. Term expires 1910. GENERAL THOMAS J. HENDERSON, 1st Vice-President, Princeton, Illi- MAJOR WILLIAM WARNER, Kansas City, Missouri. Term expires 1912. nois. Term expires 1914. COLONEL HENRY H. MARKHAM, Pasadena, California. Term expires 1910. CAPTAIN HENRY E. PALMER, 2d Vice-President, Omaha, Nebraska. Term expires, 1910. LIEUTENANT FRANKLIN MURPHY, 224 McWhorter Street, Newark, N. J. COLONEL WALTER P. BROWNLOW, Secretary, Jonesboro, Tennessee. Term Term expires 1912. expires 1914. COLONEL EDWIN P. HAMMOND. La Fayette, Indiana. Term expires 1914, JOHN M. HOLLEY, ESQ,, La Crosse, Wisconsin. Term expires 1910. GENERAL JOSEPH S. SMITH, Bangor, Maine. Term expires 1914. ☞CAPTAIN HENRY E. PALMER, 2D VICE-PRESIDENT, BOARD OF MANAGERS, N. H. FOR D. V. S., OMAHA, NEBRASKA. Omaha, Neb., March 16th, 1910 Mr. Edwin L. Sabin, 754 Quebec Street, Denver. Colorado. My dear Sir,- I have your March 12th, relative to the Tongue River Battle, August 29th, 1865. I have written the story of this Powder River Indian Campaign under General Patrick Edward Connor, and it has been published in book form, entitled "War Sketches of the Nebraska Commandery". There were only 150 volumes printed, conse- quently it is impossible to get an extra volume. The story also appears in Morton's History of Nebraska. I am planning to place the manuscript in the hands of some New York publisher early next month, together with several papers of like character, one entitled "Crossing the Plains in 1860, '61, '62, '64, '65 and '66, and Observation by the Wayside", which paper gives a history of the freighting business, stage business and pony express. If you will write me again sometime in May, I will advise you more particularly. With best wishes, I remain, Yours truly, HEPalmer 2nd Vice-Prest. Brd. Mgrs. N.H.D.V.S. P/s Perhaps the Colorado Commandery Military Order Loyal Legion US may have a Copy – HEP ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I21_p001.jpg) LAW OFFICE WALTER B. DOUGLAS MERCHANTS-LACLEDE BLDG. ST. LOUIS 3 February 1911 Dear Sir: Your four of the 17 Ultimo was duly received. I have delayed an swiny, in the hope to be able to give you more information about Kit Carson's holten and Sister, I have so far, however, nothing beyond What is contained in an article by Col. Switzter printed in a pamphlet which I send you by this mail A Howard County tax list for the year 1817, in possession of the mission His- torical society, give the names of Lindsay Carsen <& William Carson> and no others I grew up with a lot of Carson's; of this family but they have all scattered and I do not know the whereabouts of any of them, I remember that one of them was Adaline - named probably for the same person for whom his name so his little daughter. I hope to be able to learn the date of ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I21_p002.jpg) Lindsay Carson's death and the names of her surviving children, and as soon as I get the information I will send it to you. Please return the pamphlet when you have finished with it, as I would not probably be able to get another- I have made more of a study of Ceran St. Vrain than of Kit Carson but I am ignorant of the date of his first ex- pedition to Santa Fe. When I get a little leisure I will put in an afternoon at the Republic Office in Examining the old files. There is always a possibility of finding mention made of such an event, but the fact that every body in the community knew all that was going on at that time made the local happenings not news. Yours truly Walter B. Douglas- Edwin L. Sabin Esq. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I22_p001.jpg) H. M. CHITTENDEN BRIGADIER GENERAL U.S. ARMY (RET.) MEMBER AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CIVIL ENGINEERS 124 FIFTEENTH AVE. N. SEATTLE, WASH. July 5 1911 Mr E L Sabin Denver Colo Dear Sir: Consult Mr. U. D. Wheeler Care Northrn Pacific R R St Paul, Minn. He can tell you more about Ferris than any other inclind[---]. I own the Messenger in Buffalo, and Know of no other copy. Very truly yrs Hulchittenden ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I23_p001.jpg) MACKINAC ISLAND, MICHIGAN. 8 Sept. 1911 My dear Mr Sabin, I have pleasure in complying with your request by sending you a copy of the pamphlet: "General Stephen W. Kearny and the Conquest of Califor- nia", which was reprinted from Annual Publications, Hist. Soc. of Southern California, 1911. Should you make any reference to it I should be glad to have my attention called to the same. I don't recall having seen any picture of Antoine or Louis Robidoux, but knowing your ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I23_p002.jpg) interest I will now keep an eye open for one. You will find a brief foot-note on these men in my article. Very truly yours Valentine Mott Porter (Address, after Oct. 15 - Mission Canyon Santa Barbara Calif)) Edwin L. Sabin, Esq Denver. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I24_p001.jpg) City Clerk, I. Q. MILLIKEN Mayor, D. L. TAYLOR Treasurer, SOL H. JAFFA ALDERMEN FIRST WARD M. J. Kahn, E. B. Sopris CITY OF TRINIDAD SECOND WARD OFFICE OF MAYOR Philip Rascower, F. A. Patterson THIRD WARD T. L. Jamison, W. L. Wills FOURTH WARD Frank Street, J. J. Marty FIFTH WARD J. D. Harper, W. F. Munroe TRINIDAD, COLO., October 19th, 1911 Mr. Edwin L. Sabin, 1326 Milwaukee Street, Denver, Colorado. Dear Sir:- Your letter of October 16th received. It is true that I was photographed in a buckskin dress coat of Kit Carson's, it is a coat that Charles Carson of Higbe, Colo., sent me, and not the one belonging to Mr. John S. Hough. I am going to have some more of these photographs in a short time and will send you one, at the present writing I have only one. I do not think any of the Carson family ever had a picture of their mother, I never heard of one. Yours very truly, D.L.Taylor Mayor by Mattie H. Butler Stenog ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I25_p001.jpg) Smith H. Simpson, P.O. Box No. 1, Taos, Taos County, New Mexico. Nov. 10th 1911. Mr. E L Sabin. DrSir. Col Sumner U.S.A. Came to Fr Mep. as An Agent of the Gov. to cut down the Expenses of All branches of the Gov. to the Militay & Civil- in the .680 he appointed "Kit" as purchesing Agent to the Utes & Apaches at Rayado, N M "Carson" was appointed Agent 1853. & Gov Meriwether was Appointed Suprenten- dent of the Indian Affairs in the N M all agents were under his jurisdiction – In 1855 the Utes & Apaches broke out & Commited very many depreachtoin _ Gov. Meriwether & Genl. John Garland in Command of this territory called in Jany 1855 for 700 Volunteers for 6 months Volunteering ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I25_p002.jpg) Smith H. Simpson, P.O. Box No. 1 Taos, Taos County, New Mexico. as company & Q M Sargent. I Enlisted, in Co. C. in Santa Fee, & we Went throug the Campaine, "Carson" was our Guide. & Scout. Col Ceran St. Vrain was in command, we had A number of fights with the indians north of this place. & the last one was on the Head Waters of the Arkansas River at A place then Known As "Napesta" - they split up into 2 bands - One band went on the East side of Wet Mountain Mountain & Sangre Cresto range. & the others went on the West side of the Rio Grand river towards What is now Alamosa & tierra Amirella- After very near 5 months chase & fighting we drove them into Santa Fee. & they made A peace that they have kept ever scince "C"arson all through this Campaagn was with us. & he must have made his report in Santa Fee. in the Office of the Supt- -endent of Indian Affairs in Santa Fee was ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I25_p003.jpg) Smith H. Simpson, P.O. Box No. 1, Taos, Taos County, New Mexico. A man named John Ward Chief Clerk. & he was A very inteliigt man. & he no doudt he wrote the report you refer to- When I wrote his reports it only reported the Amount of this purchaiss of Corn. Wheat, Sheep & Beef - evey Quarter & the Amount of money Expended & money on hand I do not remember of have Written any other Kind of report & I think was done by "Ward". & dated Taos. I arrived in Santa Fee in Sept. 1853. the first time I passed through Taos, was on the Campaagn of 1855 after the indians. I came to live in Taos 1859. & have lived here ever since except my 3 years as Capt. of Vol's. Served in all my 3 years in Arizonia 1863 to 1866. "Kit" like all trappers & Mountians had no reason to marry in those days they ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I25_p004.jpg) Smith H. Simpson, P.O. Box No. 1, Taos, Taos County, New Mexico. bought the women. & it depended on the Amount of horses & pelts they paid. to get the best looking one in the tribe. & if they wanted to marry them there was no legal Authorities in the mountains in them days to do the Job. I heard Kit say she was Araphoe & if you have got Dr Peters life of "Kit." you will see he had A duel with a french man on horse back, & it was all over this Squach, "Kit" paid more, & the fenchman got mad About & "Kit" said it was only man he killed that he was pleased with self for doing the t[---]pe was taken in Dec. 1860 at this place it cost me $7.50 for "Kits" & my own taken at the same time, I am well for a may of 78 year and trust You are Well- Yours truly Smith H. Simpson ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I26_p001.jpg) No 26 1911 Trinidad Colo. Mr. E. J. Sabin Dear sir I am going two send you my photograps it is just the same that the Kit Carson monument was coppied of those is another Kit Carson in our family he is Seven month old. Just as soon as I have a Pho token I will send you one I have seven children 5 girls 2 boys this is all for this time. Kit Carson Jr. Trinidad Colo 91'7 Prarie, Ave, ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I27_p001.jpg) This side of card is for address only [one cent stamp] Mr E. L. Sabin 1326 Milwauke St Denver Colorado ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I27_p002.jpg) Taos [--] [--] Nov 30 1911 Mr E. L Sabin Dear friend, In reply to your Answer I will tell you that General Carson went out of the Army on acount of his health yes the group yours truely is as you discribe it) Mrs A B. Scheurich ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I28_p001.jpg) My dear Mr. Sabin, I found your letter on my return to town and for the last few days I have been so occupied in seeing the most I could of a young niece (Miss Juliet Fremont) who was passing through our city that I have not had the time to get the book you asked me to procure for you, but I will do so tomorrow — and write name in it as you also ask. I am afraid you will be disappointed in my little book as it is only the sketchy recollections of a woman who has never before written anything for the public. In answer to your questions: My Father died in New York City, as he was preparing to start home to here in Los Angeles. My Mothers' name ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I28_p002.jpg) was simply, Jessie. Nothing fresh that I have heard of about Carson has turned up. yours sincerely , Elizabeth Benton Fremont. Los Angeles, 28th May 1912 2158 W. 29th Place. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I28_p003.jpg) EDWIN L. SABIN. I would add to this some other queries, if I may take the liberty. Your father's description, as I have it, is oval features, nose aquiline, and prominent, full brown beard rather curly, brown curly hair, eyes large, of flashing blue, skin naturally white, under the tan. Figure about five feet eight, erect, quick, lithe and tireless. What became of the Rocky Mountain Flag which he carried? And what became of the manuscript of the remaining volumes of his Memoirs, of which I have the first? ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I29_p001.jpg) KANSAS STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY WILLIAM E. CONNELLEY, SECRETARY TOPEKA June 16, 1914. Mr. Edward L. Sabin, La Jolla, Cal.. My Dear Mr. Sabin: I was very glad to hear from you. I am glad to know that you have completed your Kit Carson book, and that it is now published. Next month I will order one for the Historical Society. I should be very glad to exchange the Overland Stage for a copy of your book, if I had any extra copies, but the Overland Stage has been out of print for some time. I have only my library copy. It has become a rare book, and I am informed, sells for $5 a copy. Mr. Crane does not have any copies. I was to write the biography of Jedediah S. Smith when I had completed my Plumb book, but about that time I was elected Secretary of the State Historical Society, and Mr. E. D. Smith thought I would have no time to write the book, and recalled his copy. I do not know who will write the bio- graphy, nor when it will be published. With kindest personal regards, Yours Truly, William E Connelley Secretary. EMCC/WEC ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I2_p001.jpg) Programme for MEMORIAL DAY May 30, 1885 INCLUDING THE DEDICATION OF THE KIT CARSON MONUMENT The parade will form on Washington Avenue, right resting on Palace Avenue. The command "Forward" will be given by the bugle at 2 P. M., sharp. The procession will march up Palace Avenue to Cathedral street, down Cathedral street to San Francisco street, down San Francisco street to Rosario Avenue, and thence to the National Cemetery. After the ceremonies there, will return by Rosario and San Francisco streets to Plaza, thence by West side of Plaza and Lincoln Avenue to Monument, and after the dedication ceremonies have closed will break ranks. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I2_p002.jpg) The procession will form as follows: 13th U.S. Infantry Band, Company E, 22d U. S. Infantry, Capt. Dickey, commanding. Veterans of Kit Carson's Regiment, New Mexico Pioneers, Carleton Post, No. 3, G. A. R., including visiting members of G. A. R., and Veterans of the War, Department Commander and Staff, Governor and Staff, General Bradley and Staff, Board of Trade, County Commissioners, Santa Fé Rifles, Santa Fé Fire Department, Civic Societies, Citizens on foot. Ladies of Floral Committee, Citizens in carriages. -------o------ The following have been appointed as Aids to the Chief Marshal: W.S. FLETCHER, ROMULO MARTINEZ, DR. J.H. SLOAN, FRANK CHAVES, JOHN S. BARNUM. E. W. WYNKOOP, Chief Marshal. Programme of Dedication of Monument. ------*------ Music by 13th U. S. Infantry Band, Opening prayer by Department Chaplain Harwood, Delivery of Monument by Chairman Wynkoop of Commettee to Depart- ment Commander J. J. Fitzgerrell, Unveiling of Monument and National salute, Address by Governor Sheldon, Vocal Music, Address by Don Pedro Sanchez in Spanish, Music, Address by Post Commander Downs, Benediction. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I2_p003.jpg) KIT CARSON DIED MAY 23d, 1868. AGE 59 YEARS. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I30_p001.jpg) Topeka, Kans., February 4, 1918. Mr. E. L. Sabin, La Jolla, Calif. My Dear Mr. Sabin:- I have yours of January 20 which ought to have been answered ere this but I have been sick for two months and have written no one. I am hardly able to pound this old type-writer, but thinking you are in a hurry I will briefly write you. In regard to the information you seek about Godfrey's Ranch and some of the stations, I am unable to give you any light. I can remember only one station on the "cut-off" (Living Springs) but can.<'>t give the distance. I was over the cut-off three times, twice east and once west to Denver. I really am sorry that I have forgotten practically all of the stations on that part of the road. I remember eating at Godfrey's one morning while going east. but the location and distance has escaped my memory. There ought to be some place in Denver where you could find an early map that shows location, estc. If you will write J.S. Brown, wholesale grocery merchant at Denver, perhaps he can help you. Also try Henry M. Porter who doubtless can enlighten you on the subject. He helped build the telegraph line to Denver if I am not mistaken. He is an old friend of mine and is still in Denver if alive. No conductors ran on the daily stage line. When the line was a weekly or semi-weekly it seems to me that I have heard old drivers say the stages had a conductor that went along with the early vehicles. But that was in the latter '50s, while I went on the stage route in Jan. '63. By the way, I am thinking of disposing of my Overland Stage and copy- right, cuts, and all. Can you put me on track of some one who would like to purchase? I never have had a dollar out of the publication. I never have spent a dollar in advertising the book. I got it out without a dollar in money getting enough copies pledged to justify the printer to take hold and assume all the debts. Sincerely and truly, Frank A. Root. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p001.jpg) Kit Carson Portrait. El Palacio Vol. XVI. APRIL 1, 1924. No. 7 [map] From Twitchell's "Leading Facts of New Mexican History" URRUITIA'S MAP OF SANTA FE, 1768 ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p002.jpg) 102 EL PALACIO [photo of two men] From Twitchell's "Leading Facts of New Mexican History" KIT CARSON AND COLONEL FREMONT ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p003.jpg) EL PALACIO NATIONAL ART GALLERY [Column 1] CHARLES A. PLATT, of New York, has been selected by the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian In- stitution as the architect to design the pro- posed National Gallery of Art building. Mr. Platt designed the Freer Gallery building, donated by the late Charles L. Freer, of Detroit, Mich., to house the splendid collection of art works given by him to the nation. He has designed al- so the gallery which is to be constructed in Wilkesbarre, Pa. The preparation of the architect's de- sign for the proposed National Gallery building has been made possible through the contribution of funds by private indi- viduals interested in the project, and ac- cepted by the Smithsonian Institution, which is custodian of the National Gal- lery of Art, now housed in the Natural History building of the Smithsonian group. The site for the building has al- ready been set aside by act of Congress —located in that great parkway stretch- ing south of Pennsylvania avenue from the Capitol to the Washington Monument —the Mall. It remains now to secure funds for the erection of the building itself. Mr. Platt was in Washington recently in consultation with the secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, Charles D. Wal- cott, and members of the commission of the National Gallery of Art about the plans for the gallery building. He went over the site given by Congress, a site which is about 580 feet long by 320 feet wide. His conception of the proposed Na- tional Gallery building so far developed — and it must be said that it is merely a preliminary conception — looks to the [Column 2] erection of a building containing a base- ment and first and second floors with the main gallery for the exhibition of paintings on the second floor, where light from overhead may be obtained. Undoubtedly Mr. Platt will give con- sideration to the architecture of other fine buildings now in the Mall, with an idea to harmonizing as far as possible the style of the architecture of the National Gal- lery. He will bear in mind, primarily, however, the necessity of constructing a National Gallery building which shall present to the people to their best advan- tage the art treasures donated to the gov- ernment in the past and which may be acquired in the future. To this end he will give particular attention to the ar- rangement of the galleries and to the lighting scheme. Because of the con- stantly shifting angle of the sunlight during the day, the lighting of picture galleries is a problem of no little diffi- culty. In order to acquaint himself with the latest developments in the exhibition of art works in the great cities of Europe and to view again the splendid galleries of Rome, Florence, Paris, London, and other foreign cities, Mr. Platt will go to Europe in May and spend two months in study there. Many of the galleries in European countries are housed in ancient and beau- tiful palaces—palaces that in themselves are interesting irrespective of the paint- ings that hung there. Some of these pal- aces, designed originally for entirely dif- ferent purposes, do not prove the most effective exhibition halls for the master- pieces they hold. Indeed, in the opinion of Mr. Platt, a palatial structure is not ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p004.jpg) EL PALACIO [Column 1] the greatest essential for the American National Gallery of Art to be erected in Washington. His plans, therefore, will look more nearly to adequate picture gal- leries, and at the same time will endeavor to make the great gallery building archi- tecturally attractive and worthy. Gran- ite will probably be used in the construc- tion of the base and exterior walls, since a granite structure, as Mr. Platt says, may be expected to last "until the Chi- nese conquer the western hemisphere and capture Washington." Granite has been used in the construction of the Freer Gallery and also in the Natural History building, where the National Gallery is at present housed. The National Gallery building will be minus a dome, if Mr. Platt's ideas are followed. Any dome, he believes, would be dwarfed when compared to that of the National Capitol, and it is far better not to attempt to dispute the glory of the Capitol building. Further, a dome would not add to the effectiveness of the build- ing as a gallery. Mr. Platt feels that the correct lay out for a gallery of art should lead the visitors on, from object to object and from floor to floor, without giving them the impression that they are climb- ing the Alps, for example. For that reason he has advanced the idea of a basement, a first and a second floor, which will be the top and contain the most interesting part of the exhibit. Mr. Platt is wholeheartedly interested in the building of a National Gallery of Art building in Washington, believing that the capital city of the United States, which belongs to all the people, should possess the greatest art exhibits in the country, and as great as those of any country. "Americans who collect masterpieces of art and who wish to make disposition of them for the benefit of the whole peo- ple will naturally select the National Gal- lery of Art in the capital of the nation," Mr. Platt said during his visit to Wash- ington. He pointed out that the Metro- politan Museum in New York, and the [Column 2] Art Institute in Chicago, for example, could be expected to draw their exhibits principally, and perhaps entirely, from the residents of New York and Illinois only, the Art Gallery at Santa Fe from the ar- tists of the Southwest. On the other hand, the Washington gallery, as it al- ready has done, may be expected to draw from the entire nation. The National Gallery of Art as it is constituted today is valued at $5,000,- 000. But bequests and gifts to the gal- lery have come practically to a standstill because there is no adequate place at hand for further objects of art. It is essential, therefore, that a beginning on the new gallery building be made at the earliest possible date. For that rea- son Mr. Platt holds that if the money is not available to complete the entire struc- ture now, a portion of the money could be used to lay the foundations of the building and complete a wing. In such fashion the Metropolitan Museum in New York was begun and is gradually being completed over a period of years. Senator Bert M. Fernald, of Maine, chairman of the Senate committee on public buildings and grounds, is a strong believer in the development of Washing- ton—the national capital—as the most beautiful city in this country and in the world. He is strongly backing the pro- posal of President Coolidge that Con- gress authorize an appropriation of $50,- 000,000 to be expended for public buildings over a period of 10 years. And Senator Fernald believes, also, that the building program should include a home for the National Gallery of Art, now so inadequately housed in the Nat- ural History building of the Smithsonian group. A concrete proposal for the govern- ment's building plan in Washington is contained in a bill recently introduced in the Senate by Senator Smoot of Utah, chairman of the Public Buildings Com- mission. This bill has been referred by the public buildings and grounds com- mittee to a subcommittee consisting of ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p005.jpg) EL PALACIO [Column 1] Senators Keyes of New Hampshire, Shipstead of Minnesota and Mayfield of Texas. The supporters of the project for a building for the National Gallery of Art may undertake to bring about an amendment to the Smoot bill so as to make specific mention of a gallery build- ing. It has been estimated by officials connected with the National Gallery that it would be possible to construct a build- ing—possibly a wing of the final home of the gallery—for $1,000,000. Such a structure would be a tremendous step forward toward the proper housing of the National Gallery already containing paintings and objects of art valued at $5,000,000. As soon as the architect's plans for the building for the National Gallery have been completed, as proposed by the Na- tional Gallery Commission at its last an- nual meeting, it will be possible to make definite estimates for the structure, and to take the matter up with the proper offi- cials, including the budget bureau. It is planned to seek legislation at the present Congress authorizing the erection of the National Gallery building, either through the Smoot bill or through a separate meas- ure. IN THE FIELD UNVEILING THE PAST. Few people know that the veil of centuries is being lifted from the dead, and peoples of a dim past are being made to tell the story of their lives, as graphically today in Santa Fe as at Luxor. As fascinating as the revelations in the tomb of Tut are those which are be- ing pieced together, unknown to the gen- eral public, in the basement of the Mu- seum of New Mexico. Last summer, thanks to the public spir- it of the Chino Copper company, Cura- tor Wesley Bradfield of the Museum took a force of men and went down to what are known archaeologically as the [Column 2] "Cameron creek sites," in the "Mimbres Area" of ancient pueblos. There the diggers found some low mounds, depres- sions in the ground, traces of old walls. Amid stinging, flying sand, often in swel- tering heat, they worked day after day with shovels. Cautiously they felt their way through the dirt to the harder sub- stance which was adobe floors; craftily they followed the floors to the buried walls; a room uncovered, the floor was swept clean; if a corner looked suspicious, the floor was gently tapped until a line flaked off, outlining a grave beneath the home; it was dug into, many of them were dug into, and skeletons and burial arti- cles were carefully separated from the dirt and debris packed around them. Exca- vators lay flat and blew gently upon piles of dirt until one by one they rescued with toothpicks tiny pierced beads, hardly big- ger than grains of wheat. A Magic Restoration. After a couple of months' work, boxes and barrels arrived at the Museum filled with a mass of fragments of pottery, bones and what not. Since that time magic has been at work. Bushels of small shards, hundreds of them an inch or so across, cleaned with acid, washed and assorted by the cunning hands of the ar- chaeologist, have leaped together, each in its proper place, a Chinese puzzle multi- plied by a thousand per cent, until there stand on the shelves jars that will ring as clearly as if new; ollas and bowls, whose marvelous designs, restored from chaotic ruin, tell so he who runs may read the fairy tale of the lost people. Natural History in Clay. The natural history of the region runs through these amazingly decorative cer- amic pictures; gay parrots, life like jack- rabbits, black winged bats, insects such as today the excavators find crawling through the sand, the antelope, the dog, the coyote, the chicken, curious reptiles, unknown birds are depicted in line and color. The coiled ware is particularly ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p006.jpg) EL PALACIO [Column 1] interesting, jars made by modeling clay into long ropes and coiling it around on itself. Of poignant public interest are the baby burials; tiny skeletons surround- ed by toy pottery pieces and playthings, miniature lares and penates of infancy. From piles of dust, the dust to which these Indians of long ago reverted, is re- constructed their daily life and work and play, the wild life that surrounded them, the domestic animals of their villages, their worship and theology; above all, the astonishing artistic gift which has persis- ted among them through the ages. An Accurate Record. The mass of detailed data which ac- companies the pots and skulls and imple- ments is voluminous. A record is kept of the exact spot where every relic is found, its relation to the floor, the walls, the village and the site is chronicled so completely that the reader of the report re- ceives the exact mental picture registered upon the eye of the excavator on the spot. This work of Bradfield's under the Museum direction is more than a signal service to science; it is of tremendous val- ue to New Mexico. These treasures, among the rarest known to archaeology, are to remain forever in New Mexico, whose past is her priceless asset for the future. By contrast the irrevocable loss to the commonwealth of those similar treasures carted away by outside exca- vators is the more deplorable. New Mexico will have made a stride forward when she realizes the gravity of this loss as well as the value to the state of the things kept here. And yet there are people of intelligence who rave over the discoveries in the Valley of the Kings and fail to realize that New Mexico is daily yielding plunder of the past no whit less alluring to human curiosity, and equally powerful in drawing curious hu- mans to look behind the veil of Time. The Lure of the Antique The arts and crafts of the Indian of today are our chief source of tourist [Column 2] travel. There is a double fascination in those restored from ancient days. The Cameron Creek excavations are as much mines of treasure as the copper workings of the Chino; we keep the product for the people and it is of more actual value to the general public than the minerals shipped out of the state; pecuniary, mon- etary, dollars and cents value. Private endowment has made parti- cular treasure trove available. But the work is for the people and the people should have it. Space is needed to ex- hibit the wonders recovered from the ruins of many a pueblo; the Museum basement is full of marvels stored away that should be open for the inspection by visitors. Lack of money to secure and exploit these things is crippling a work that should be one of the first interests of the state.—Santa Fe New Mexican. Road Building in the Mesa Verde. Writes Jesse Nusbaum, superintendent of the Mesa Verde National Park, but for- merly with the Museum of New Mexico: "All goes finely here—working roads already as snow is going rapidly and is not over thirty inches deep on road now on north slopes. Lost four horses and grader over hill side two days ago, so steep that we had to let horses roll and slide down to the Montezuma valley and bring them back around to the road, and just got grader back by tackle this a. m. There was but one small cut on one horse. Never experienced quite such an accident, as I slid down 200 feet with a white horse tumbling after me. The ice threw the grader off and the pole of grader knocked down the first horse which was quickly followed by the other horse. We could not pull these two horses back wtth the lead team, and then the lead team followed them into the abyss, all going down together in one heap, the precipice being about 800 feet with a 75 per cent grade. Had it happened on the Knife edge nearby it would have been 1800 feet, while at Park point it is 500 feet more." ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p007.jpg) EL PALACIO [Column 1] CoNVENTIONS AND EXHIBITS Meeting of the A. A. A. S. On May 5. 6 and 7, the Southwest- ern Division of the American Association for the Advancement of Science will hold its annual meeting at El Paso, Tex. Every effort is being made to have a program that is worth while. Dr. By- ron Cummings, director of the Arizona State Museum, Tucson, Arizona, is pres- ident of the Division. Dr. Edgar L. Hewett will be one of the speakers at the general meeting, and the staff of the Museum of New Mexico and School of American Research will present papers at the sessions of the section on Social Science. Annual Chicago Exhibit. The following were the prizes award- ed at the Twenty-eighth Annual Exhi- bition by artists of Chicago and vicinity, which closed at the Art Institute on March 11th: The Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Logan Medal with five hundred dollars, to Leopold Seyffert for his painting, "A Portrait." The Fine Arts Building Purchase Prize of five hundred dollars for a painting to be given to the Chicago Public School Art Society, to Pauline Palmer for "Just Us." The Mr. and Mrs. Frank G. Logan Medal with two hundred dollars, to John F. Stacey for his painting, "From an Es- sex Hillside, Connecticut." The Edward B. Butler Purchase Fund of two hundred dollars for an oil painting to be presented to the public schools of Chicago, to David L. Adam for "The Old Woodchopper." The Mrs. Julius Rosenwald Purchase Fund of two hundred dollars for an oil painting to be presented to the public schools, to James T. Nolf for "Thunder Cloud." The Rogers Park Woman's Club Prize of one hundred dollars for a paint- [Column 2] ing by a woman, to Mary H. Wicker for "Interieur des Cloitres." Prizes awarded by the jury of the ex- hibition were: The William Randolph Hearst Prize of three hundred dollars, to Leopold Seyffert for "A Portrait." The Joseph N. Eisendrath Prize of two hundred dollars, to Stark Davis for his painting, "The Red Bird." The Harry A. Frank Prize of one hundred and fifty dollars for a figure composition in oil to Abram Pool for "Diana." The Business Men's Art Club Prize of two hundred dollars meritorious land- scape in oil, to Frederick Tellander for "In the Hoosac Valley." The Marshall Fuller Holmes Prize of one hundred dollars, to Frederic M. Grant for his painting, "Pastorale." The Chicago Woman's Aid Prize of fifty dollars, to James Topping for "Al- leghany Mountains, Winter." The Municipal Art League Prize of one hundred dollars for portraiture was awarded by the jury and three members of the Municipal Art League to Arvid Nyholm for his "Portrait of Mrs. H. Cochran." The Mrs. John Schaffer Prize of one hundred dollars for an ideal conception in sculpture was awarded by the jury and three members of the Municipal Art League to Angelo Ziroli for "The Dancing Girl." The Englewood Woman's Club Prize of one hundred dollars was award- ed by the jury and three members of the Englewood Woman's Club to Mary H. Wicker for "Interieur des Cloitres." The Arche Woman's Club awarded a purchase prize of four hundred dollars to Anna Lynch for her painting, "Still Life: Flowers." SOUTHWESTERN INDIANS Choosing Zuni Governor. With the election of John D. Nick ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p008.jpg) EL PALACIO [Column 1] EL PALACIO VOL. XVI. APRIL 1, 1924. NO. 7. PAUL A. F. WALTER, EDITOR. Published by the Museum of New Mexico and the School of American Research A Semi-Monthly Review of the Arts and Sciences in the American Southwest. Sent free to Members of the New Mexico Archaeological Society and the Santa Fe Society of the Archaeological Institute. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 16, 1918. the difficulties at Zuni among the 1,800 Indians living there in their pueblo have finally been settled. There has been considerable friction and misunderstand- ing among this interesting and industrious tribe for several months. The trouble was accasioned it is said by outside in- fluences which are well intentioned but sometimes misunderstood by the Indians or misrepresented by them. The trouble came to a head over the election of a new governor and became so serious that there seemed no possibility of com- promise. In the first place it should be stated that the Indians got together them- selves and decided the questions accord- ing to the old tribal customs and laws, and not the way anyone else outside of the tribe thought the matters should be decided. John D. Nick is the new governor of Zuni and his lieutenant is Poblano. The tenientes are Robert Pino, Napoleon, Lucio and Natoya. The election represented the choice of of members of the Bow fraternity who have most to do with the selection of the rules of Zuni. It happened however that the majority of the tribe were not in favor of those elected but favored other men. However in the end it was de- cided that the old tribal rule should gov- [Column 2] ern the election, so John D. Nick was declared to be the choice of all. John D. Nick is one of the best known of all the Zuni Indians. He is a member of the Stick Swallowing fraternity whose annual dance ceremony is one of the most thrilling rites of the Zunis. In his boyhood days Nick was a cowboy and worked all over the country on the big cow ranches. He speaks English, Span- ish, and Navajo, besides his own Ash- iwi tongue. Some years ago Nick was accused of being a witch by some of his own tribesmen. The agitation became so strong against him that they finally seized him and hung him by the thumbs for twelve hours while couriers went to Fort Wingate for help from the U.S. soldiers stationed there. He is a very strong character and as such has many friends.—Albuquerque Morning Journal. IN MEMORIAM Death of Dmitri Nikolayevich Anuchin. Dmitri Nikolayevich Anuchin, the famous Russian archaeologist, died re- cently amidst tragic circumstances. Born in 1843, he graduated from Mos- cow University in 1867. He studied in the universities of England, France, Germany and Italy, and was appointed to the Chair of Anthropology in the Uni- versity of Moscow when this chair was established in 1880. He also lectured on archaeology in the Moscow Archaeo- logical Institute. He trained several generations of well known specialists in anthropology and archaeology. He was actively interested in the political and public life of Russia, and was connected for many years with the editorial staff of a popular daily newspaper. In spite of the privations during the years follow- ing the Bolshevist revolution he continued his activities as teacher and scientist. He lived in an unheated attic, was poorly clothed, and subsisted on the poor ration given to the scientists by the Soviet govern- ment, finally sucumbing to his privations. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p009.jpg) EL PALACIO SOUTHWEST INDIAN FAIR AND CRAFTS EXHBIITION FOREWORD The Third Annual Southwest Indian Fair and Industrial Arts and Crafts Exhibi- tion will be held as usual at the State Armory in Santa Fe, during Fiesta week, September 1, 2 and 3, 1924. The Fair has grown in importance year by year until it now stands as a permanent institution which is achieving in every way the great purpose for which it was founded. The objects of the Exhibition are to encourage and improve native arts and crafts among the Indians; to revive old arts and to keep the arts of each tribe and pueblo as distinctive as possible; to locate and establish markets and to secure proper prices for Indian handiwork. The management, as heretofore, stands for the au- thentication of all genuine Indian goods and the protection of the Indian in his busi- ness dealings with traders and buyers. The Indian Fair is the outgrowth of ideas advanced several years ago by Miss Rose Dougan, of Richmond, Indiana, who has contributed not only her time and interest to the work, but has also tendered a generous endowment fund, the income from which provides for many of the prizes in the list. The management is pleased to announce the receipt of another substantial sum to be held in trust as the nucleus of a permanent Indian Fair Endowment Fund, which is now being solicited. This, as contributions increase, will insure the greater scope and permanence of the institution. In the meantime the Santa Fe Chamber of Commerce, realizing the great value of such an enterprise to the Indian, the State and the Nation, has come forward year after year with ever increasing financial support for this most important feature of the Santa Fe Fiesta. The Bureau of Indian Affairs of the United States Government has endorsed the Indian Fair from its beginning and will continue to give its cordial cooperation and active support. Backed by the experience of the past two years and the assur- ance of ample resources, the management issues this third annual premium list, en- larged and improved in every way, with full confidence that it will bring together the largest and finest exhibition of Indian Arts and Crafts ever held in our country. RULES. 1. Entry and competition are limited strictly to Indians. Any Indian may make his entry direct, or through his Agency or School Superintendent. 2. Prizes will be awarded only to the makers of the articles entered for ex- hibition, and only for such articles as have not been exhibited heretofore in this Fair. 3. All articles, in order to compete for prizes, must be strictly Indian in ma- terial, handicraft and decoration. For instance, pottery should not be made in the shape of non-Indian dishes or other utensils; and blankets, textiles, beadwork and other articles should not contain flags, lodge emblems or other non-Indian designs. 4. Every article tendered for exhibit should bear a tag on which should be recorded the following data: (1) The Indian Agency or school from which the ar- ticle comes; (2) the serial number of the article in the whole exhibit from the par- ticular agency or school jurisdiction; (3) the name of the article; (4) the name of ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p010.jpg) EL PALACIO the maker; (5) the item number in the premium list under which the article is en- tered for competion; (6) whether article is for sale or not. 5. Every shipment of articles intended for exhibit should be accompanied by a letter or manifest setting forth in tabulated form the above information for all the ar- ticles shipped; and a copy of such manifest should by all means be placed in one of the containers in which the articles are shipped. This tabulation should also show opposite each article listed for sale the minimum price exhibitor is willing to take for it. 6. All exhibits must be on hand in Santa Fe not later than August 30th. 7. Articles remaining unsold will be returned promptly after closing of the Fair. 8. Bill all exhibits, prepaid, to Chairman Indian Fair Committee, Santa Fe, New Mexico. PREMIUM LIST OF SOUTHWEST INDIAN FAIR. BLANKETS. 1ST PRIZE 2D PRIZE 1. For the best exhibit of Navajo blankets of modern type from Shiprock jurisdiction, not less than 3 nor more than 6 pieces in each entry $15.00 $10.00 2. For best single blanket from all groups exhibited from Shiprock jurisdiction 25.00 3. For best exhibit of Navajo blankets of modern type from Ft. Defiance jurisdiction, not less than 3 nor more than 6 pieces in each entry 15.00 10.00 4. For best single blanket from all groups exhibited from Ft. Defiance jurisdiction 25.00 5. For best exhibit of Navajo blankets of modern type from Pueblo Bonito jurisdiction, not less than 3 nor more than 6 in each entry 15.00 10.00 6. For best single blanket from all groups exhibited from Pueblo Bonito jurisdiction 25.00 7. For best exhibit of Navajo blankets of modern type from Leupp and Western Navajo jurisdictions, not less than 3 nor more than 6 pieces 15.00 10.00 8. For best single blanket from all groups exhibited from Leupp and Western Navajo jurisdiction 25.00 9. For best exhibit of Navajo blankets of modern type from Moqui jurisdiction, not less than 3 nor more than 6 pieces 15.00 10.00 10. For best single blanket from all groups exhibited from Moqui jurisdiction 25.00 11. For best single Navajo blanket of modern type from en- tire field 50.00 12. For best Navajo blanket, native wool, native dye, and ancient Indian pattern or design 25.00 13. For best single specimen Hopi blanket 15.00 10.00 Note.—All single blankets in order to be eligible to compete for prizes must be of No. 1 grade and not larger than five feet by seven feet. BASKETS. 14. For best single specimen of Mescalero Apache basket in a group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p011.jpg) EL PALACIO 15. For best single specimen of Jicarilla Apache basket in a 1ST PRIZE 2D PRIZE group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 16. For best single specimen of Pima basket in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 17. For best single specimen of Papago basket in a group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 18. For best single specimen of San Carlos Apache basket in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 19. For best single specimen of Ute basket in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 20. For best specimen of Ute basket in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 21. For best single specimen of Mohave-Apache basket, in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 22. For best single specimen of Native Navajo basket (not ceremonial, which are made by several different tribes) in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 23. For best single specimen of Mission Indian basket in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 24. For best single specimen of Hopi coil basket or plaque, in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 25. For best single speciman of Hopi wicket basket or plaque, in group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 26. For best single specimen of any and all other tribal types of basket not mentioned in the foregoing, in a group of not less than 10 pieces 5.00 3.00 27. For best single specimen of yucca fibre basket from any pueblo 4.00 2.00 28. For best specimen of willow basket from any pueblo 4.00 2.00 29. For best single specimen of corn husk basket or plaque from any pueblo 4.00 2.00 TEXTILES. 30. For best plain squaw dress 5.00 3.00 31. For best embroidered squaw dress 9.00 5.00 32. For best Pueblo dance kilt 5.00 3.00 33. For best exhibit of Pueblo belts, not less than 3 pieces 5.00 3.00 34. For best exhibit of Pueblo hair bands, not less than 5 pieces 4.00 2.00 35. For best exhibit of textiles not included in preceding items, made of handspun wool and native dyes, not less than 3 pieces by any individual exhibitor 8.00 5.00 POTTERY. Dougan Fund Prizes. 36. For best piece of pottery, not more than 10 specimens to be exhibited by any one person, from each of the fol- lowing Pueblos or tribes: ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p012.jpg) EL PALACIO 1ST PRIZE 2D PRIZE 1ST PRIZE 2D PRIZE San Juan Puebleo . 5.00 3.00 Jemes . 5.00 3.00 Santa Clara . 5.00 3.00 Sandia . 5.00 3.00 San Ildefonso . 5.00 3.00 Isleta . 5.00 3.00 Tesuque . 5.00 3.00 Laguna . 5.00 3.00 Santo Domingo . 5.00 3.00 Acoma . 5.00 3.00 Cochiti . 5.00 3.00 Zuni . 5.00 3.00 San Felipe . 5.00 3.00 Hopi . 5.00 3.00 Santa Ana . 5.00 3.00 Maricopa . 5.00 3.00 Zia . 5.00 3.00 Chamber of Commerce Prizes. 37. For best collection of Indian pottery by single exhibitor or group of exhibitors from any one pueblo or tribe, not less than 10 pieces 10.00 6.00 38. For best undecorated jar over 50 inches in circumfer- ence, from entire field 5.00 3.00 39. For best decorated jar over 50 inches in circumference, from entire field 7.00 4.00 BEADWORK Sinew Sewn on Native Tanned Skins. 40. For best general exhibit, not less than 12 pieces, by any tribe 15.00 10.00 41. For best Sioux beaded dress, shirt, vest, leggins, or moc- casins 10.00 7.00 42. For best Sioux beaded bag, pouch or case 5.00 3.00 43. For best Ute beaded dress, shirt, vest, leggins, or moc- casins 10.00 7.00 44. For best Ute bag, pouch or case 5.00 3.00 45. For best Mescalero-Apache beaded dress, shirt, vest, leg- gins or moccasins 10.00 7.00 46. For best Mescalero-Apache beaded bag, pouch or case 5.00 3.00 47. For best Pueblo beaded leggins, moccasins, or bag 10.00 7.00 Pueblo Loom Bead Work. 48. For best Pueblo loom beadwork, belt or hat band 5.00 3.00 49. For best Pueblo loom beadwork, necklace or fob 3.00 2.00 DRAWINGS, PAINTINGS AND DESIGNS. 50. For best drawing in pencil, pen and ink or water colors, of Indian dances, ceremonials, games or occupations: a. By pupils of Indian boarding schools, either Gov- ernment or sectarian 4.00 3.00 b. By pupils of Indian day schools 3.00 2.00 51. Grand prize to school making best exhibit of drawings in pencil, pen and ink or water colors, of Indian dances, ceremonials, games or occupations, by 3 or more pupils: 5.00 3.00 52. For best drawing in pencil, pen and ink or water color, of Indian pottery design: a. By pupils of Indian boarding schools, either Gov- ernment or sectarian 3.00 2.00 ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p013.jpg) EL PALACIO b. By pupils of Indian day schools 2.00 1.00 53. For best drawing in pencil, pen and ink or water color, of Indian basket design: a. By pupils of Indian boarding schools, either Gov- entment or sectarian 3.00 2.00 b. By pupils of Indian day schools 2.00 1.00 54. For best drawing in pencil, pen and ink or water color, of Indian blanket design: a. By pupils of Indian boarding schools, either Govern- ment or sectarian 3.00 2.00 b. By pupils of Indian day schools 2.00 1.00 55. Grand prize to school sending best exhibit of drawings in pencil, pen and ink or water color, of Indian pottery, blanket or basket designs, by 3 or more pupils 5.00 3.00 56. For best Indian painting in water color 15.00 10.00 MISCELLANEOUS. 57. For best exhibit of katchinas, not less than 3 specimens in any one exhibit 5.00 3.00 58. For best specimen of shell work inlaid with turquoise or jet 5.00 3.00 59. For best specimen of native jet inlaid with turquoise 5.00 3.00 60. For best specimen of quill work on native tanned skins 10.00 7.00 61. For best exhibit of turquoise ornaments, native work- manship, not less than 6 pieces 8.00 5.00 62. For best exhibit of Navajo silver jewelry, not less than 12 pieces 10.00 7.00 63. For best exhibit of Indian grown chile 3.00 2.00 64. For best exhibit of Indian ornaments and articles used in ceremonials 10.00 7.00 65. For best sand painting 15.00 10.00 66. For best Indian baby, boy or girl, not more than one year old 15.00 10.00 67. For best Indian school exhibit, Government or sectarian Silver Trophy 68. For best general Indian tribal exhibit The "Fall" Trophy Note—This trophy has to be won twice in succession in order that it may remain permanently with any one tribe. Won in 1922 by Sioux, and in 1923 by Nava os. 69. Meritorious exhibits of Indian produced articles not men- tioned in the foregoing list will be awarded appropriate prizes in accordance with their relative importance and the character of the workmanship. 70. Provision will be made for securing the services of crafts- men from the various tribes who will demonstrate the arts of blanket weaving, basketry, pottery making, and silver- work, and such other arts as will add interest and be of educational value. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p014.jpg) EL PALACIO [Column 1] IT IS WRITTEN City Art Museum, St. Louis. During 1923 the City Art Museum of St. Louis was visited by 316,821 persons, an increase of more than 4,000 over the year previous. The Lyric West. G.W. Dresbach, of Tyrone, New Mexico, contributes four musical stanzas to the March number of The Lyric West, the title being Desert Morning. John Curtis Underwood, of Santa Fe, under the heading Burros also has a sixteen line poem, which is quite quotable: The burros soak in the sun. They shed all its color as a duck will shed rain. They are gray and brown with black crosses on backs and shoulders. Shadows of the crosses they helped car- ry here from Spain. They crossed the desert on dry trails. And their shadows went with them ev- ery foot of the way. They are as old as an ass that went to Egypt, Carrying a woman and her man child: and here today. They stand in the plaza at Santa Fe, Loaded down with wood that kindles liv- ing fires. Give one sun and water and dry forage for his finding, And a master not too hard; he has all that he desires. The burros stand still in the sun. Motor cars madly pass them by. But when the last motor car rusts and is done with, They shall be standing between rim rock and the sky. Journal of American Folk-Lore. The most recent number of the Jour- nal of American Folk-Lore, received one [Column 2] year after date, opens with an essay on "Signs and Superstitions Collected from American College Girls" by Martha Warren Beckwith. Of the 45 college girls interviewed, 14 came from New York, 11 from New England, 8 from Illinois, 6 from Pennsylvania, 2 each from New Jersey and Ohio, 2 from Canada, and one each from Minnesota, Indiana, Missouri, West Virginia, Maryland and California. The superstitions reported show a very distinct line of interest. 80 referred to good or bad luck, 56 referred to love and marriage and 12 methods of wishing are elaborated. There is a tendency to center old superstitions about fresh objects of interest. There are al- most 200 signs and snperstitions which are still in vogue among young girls brought up in literate American homes. "Superstitions from Dutchess County, New York," edited by Gertrude Barnes and collected by the class in folk-lore of Vas- sar College, repeats many of the supersti- tions enumerated in the preceding article. "Two Chinese Folk-Tales," "Humor of Chinese Folk" and "Beliefs and Tales of the Canadian Dakota" are the remaining themes of the number. March Art and Archaeology. It is an admirable plan of Art and Ar- chaeology to devote an entire issue to the art achievements of one city or the work of one school. In the series of cities covered by a particular issue of Art and Archaeology, Detroit is the theme for March. Charles Moore, in the leading article calls it "The City of Romance and Achievement." Its public library, which has just taken possession of a magnificent new building, is described by W. F. Paris. Then follows a description of the Detroit Institute of Arts, for which a new building is also planned. "Art in De- troit Homes" by Reginald Poland, for- merly director of the Art Museum of Denver, tells of some of the art treasures which have been acquired by Detroit residents. F. A. Fairbrother writes of "The Architecture of Detroit," and T. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p015.jpg) EL PALACIO [Column 1] Glenn Phillips supplements this with a brief outline of "The Detroit Plan." Miss Josephine Walther treats exhaust- ively of the "Sculpture at the Detroit In- stitute of Arts." R. J. McLaughlin, of the Detroit News staff, reviews the work of the better known Detroit artists, in- cluding Julius Rolshoven of the Santa Fe group. The final article of the sympo- sium is on "Detroit's Music." The Santa Fe Fiesta. Arrangements are under way to make the Santa Fe Fiesta and Indian Fair for 1924 more significant events than they have been in the past. The dates selec- ted by the Chamber of Commerce, which will again have charge, are September 1st, 2d, and 3d. The Museum authori- ties will again manage the Indian portion of the festivities, the assistant director, Mr. Lansing Bloom, being in direct charge, while Mr. Wesley Bradfield and Mr. Kenneth M. Chapman of the Mu- seum staff will look after the details of the Indian Fair under the direction of Su- perintendent J. D. DeHuff of the U. S. Indian School. Mr. Carl Bishop will again be the Fiesta director. American Anthropologist. The latest issue of American Anthro- pologist prints "Notes on San Felipe and Santo Domingo," by Elsie Clews Par- sons, which give additional data to those already printed by Mrs. Parsons, cover- ing especially the social system, govern- ment, ceremonies, marriage, burial and dailt life of the two pueblos. "The Ritual of the Chiefs of Yucatan," by Ralph L. Roys, is another interesting con- tribution. March Magazine of Art. The March issue of The American Magazine of Art leads off with a travel essay entitled "Splendid Spain," by Miss Edith Emerson. It is a charming ac- count of the journey of two artists, Miss Emerson and Miss Violet Oakley, re- [Column 2] cently concluded by them. As a result of that journey they exhibited a series of sketches in black and white and water colors in the Corcoran Gallery of Art. The Montclair Art Museum and its achievements are described by George Clark Coxe, one of the members of the board of trustees. Dorothy S. Greene writes of Carl Akeley, the sculptor and taxidermist, whose animal groups are the admiration of thousands of visitors to the American Museum of Natural History in New York City. Etchings of old Ger- mantown by Frederick Polley are repro- duced and described. Other themes are Japanese sculpture, the annual exhibit of the Chicago artists and Ettore Caser, a number of whose paintings are repro- duced. International Studio for March. Maynard Dixon, who has won fame through his paintings of the Southwest and of the Pueblo and Navajo Indians, is the subject of a biographical sketch by Ruth Pielkovo in the March number of the "International Studio," the article being illustrated with excellent half tone productions of paintings by the artist. The Arts for February. The February number of The Arts has a special appeal to the modernist. The water colors of John Marin are the subject of a review by Virgil Barker, their sketchiness being emphasized in the black and white reproductions, of which there are almost a score. Aristide Mail- lol is treated by Waldemar George, while the notes on the current exhibitions place the emphasis on the pictures of the mod- ernists. The Chicago Art Institute Bulletin. El Greco is the main theme of the Bulletin of the Art Institute of Chicago for the month of March. However, there are early sketches by Van Dyck and some examples of the Virgin and Child in French Gothic art, being brief descriptions of Art Institute treasures. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I32_p016.jpg) EL PALACIO GALLERIES AND MUSEUMS [Column 1] San Diego Art Center. Another of Dr. Hewett's plans was realized at the formal opening of the New Mexico Building as the Art Cen- ter of the San Diego Museum on March 15. This beautiful building, a replica of the Santa Fe Art Museum, has been vacant since the Fair in 1916, and was threatened with destruction as it was not included in the group of buildings re- paired by the city last year. Dr. Hewett had long kept the New Mexico Building in mind as a fitting place to house the many Art activities of the city, and last year the Museum financed the restora- tion and alterations of the old temporary structure, so it is now fitted up with lec- ture hall, club rooms, library and studios, and is the home of the San Diego Art Guild, The Friends of Art and other or- ganizations, and also offers the visiting ar- tist a place to seek inspiration and work. The occasion for the opening was a re- ception held by the San Diego Art Guild in honor of Miss Alice Klauber and Mr. and Mrs. Simmons, all recently re- turned from abroad. The New Mexico Building at San Diego was planned by Colonel Ralph E, Twitchell, member of the Managing Board of the School of American Research. ARTISTS AND EXHIBITS Harwood Memorial Exhibit. Burt Harwood's memorial exhibition consists of paintings of Indians and pic- tures of the Southwest. He had made his home in Europe for many years, then, in 1918, returned to this country. He settled in Taos, built a beautiful home and filled it with the many treas- ures that he had gathered during his European trips, and added an important collection of early Indian art. Since his death in Taos last year, Mrs. Har- [Column 2] wood has decided to present the house with its contents, to Taos, to be used as a museum. From 1918 to 1923 Harwood paint- ed the Pueblo Indians, their customs and activities. This exhibition is the result of work done during that time. He paints with sympathy and understanding, has sufficient knowledge, good color and drawing and excellent arrangement.-- Memorial Exhibition of Burt Harwood, Ainslie Galleries, March 1 to 15. Higgins in New York. "The Sermon on the Mount" is a simple, circular composition that draws it- self in toward the centered light of the Preacher, unhesitating in composition and idea, one strengthening the other. Vic- tor Higgins simplifies and designs land- scape in "A Ceremony in the Mountains," with a self-consciousness that detracts from the dignity of the ceremony. In "Twin- ing" no motive other than composition, and design and color make a delightfully patterned decoration. In "Picuris Hills" numberless little round trees button down the landscape. His "Adam and Eve" is drawn with a wide and generous spaciousness that in no way suggests their having been turned out of Paradise into an unfriendly world. Frank Duve- neck and Victor Higgins, Macbeth Gal- lery, Feb. 26-March 17.—New York Times. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS DUES PAID. New Mexico Society: Miss Mary E. Dissette, Miss Olive Rush, Miss Blanche C. Grant, Dr. T. B. Lyon, Dr. A. A. Craabe, Adela C. Van Horn, Luella S. Clark, Edward S. White, Henry J. Patten, L. W. Felter. Santa Fe Society: T. L. McKean, M. A. Otero, Mary R. Van Stone, E. C. Crampton. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I33_p001.jpg) EDWIN L. SABIN. 1 Were there not two Fort Wingates --- the first near where today is the station of Grant, the other sixty miles westward as located at present, where formerly stood Fort Fauntleroy, at the Ojo del Oso? Ans.– The 1st Ft. Wingate was near the R.R. Station at Grants.-- The Present Ft. Wingate is at the Ojo del Oso.-- 2 Fort Wingate of 1862-'68 (?), the first Fort Wingate, is said to have been upon the Rio Gallo. Was the Gallo a westward branch of the Rio Puercos which flowed into the Rio Grande, and was it called also Rio San José? It seems to be the Rio San José on a map of 1861 that I have, and no Gallo can be found. Ans.- El Gallo is a westterly branch or fork of the Rio Puerco.-- Rito (or Rio) San José empties into the Gallo about 4 miles east of El Gallo or Ft. Wingate. 3 Where was Los Pinos post? Was it near or at Peralta? A letter to me from Captain G. H. Pettis (whom you remember; now dead) seems to indicate so, but I do not find the name Los Pinos.Ans.- Los Pinos are near Peralta to the north of the Town.-- Ft. Defiance is about 15 miles northwest of Ft. Canby. 34. How far beyond Fort Defiance was Fort Canby, and was it north- west? General Carleton does not give the location by latitude or longitute, but merely places it at the Rio Pueblo Colorado. I know where the Rio Colorado Pueblo dry wash is. Ans.- Ft Defiance is at the Cañon de Chusca near O Pueblo Colorado,- now part of Arizona. I think the description of Gen. Carleton is correct.- Rafael Chacon Late Major 1st N.M. Cav. Vols. ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I3_p001.jpg) Office of John S. Hough, County Judge County Judge Kinsdale County Lake City, Colorado Sept 23 1901 Mr Geo. L. Beam Dinner Col, The old picture of glass of Kit-Carson and Charles Boggs. (Son of Tom. Boggs) which I lately gave you. I recieved shortly after Carson death which was given to me by Carson oldest daughter Teresena who lived with us and went to School in Trinidad with my oldest daughter, the picture was taken soon after the first settlements when made on Cherry Creek, at least I judge so on account of the age of young Boggs as he appears in the picture and besides Carson went up there principally to vist Dick Wooton who was then living there. at least had a small trading house then I should fix the time in the later fifties If I at any future time could learn any thing more in regard to the history of the picture I will gladly advise you. Yours Truly Jnos. Haugh [For daguerreotype* referred to see MSS P222] ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I4_p001.jpg) Office of John S. Hough, County Judge County Judge Kinsdale County Lake City, Colorado Sept 23 1910 Mr. Geo. L. Beam Denver Colo Dear Mr Beam I am in receipt of your letter of 17 inst In regard to the picture of left for you with Mr Wadleigh. I gave you the picture not only on account of my personal regards for you, but in addition Knowing you were found of such relics & would appreciate it. You will kindly say to Mr Wadleigh that I have concluded that I would like to go out to Irrigation Congress. next week, I did not think I would feel able to go when I was talking with him in Denver but I am feeling so much better since my return would like to go out. I thank you for your Kind offer to send me some of the pictures you secured on your last trip Your very Truly Jno. S. Haugh ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I5_p001.jpg) Office of John S. Hough, County Judge County Judge Hinsdale County Lake City, Colorado Nov 17 1901 Mr E. L. Sabin Denver Colo Dear Mr. Sabin Four of 8 x 10 into at hand in reply will say that I notice from my Las Animas Newspaper that Mrs Lubers has been quite sick this likely accounts for her not replying to your letter, In relation to Fitzpatrick I was not much acquainted with the family I met Mrs Fitzpatrick several times shortly h after her husband's death she was as I remember a half breed Blackfoot indian an educated one. At the time of Carson's death there was but two counties in this part of the Territory Las Animas and Pueblo. Although uncertain to which County we belonged we considered that we were in Pueblo County, the same year Carson died I was one of Judges of Election (the 1st held there) on the day of Election the Indian made a raid and the other Judges being a newcomer who name I do not recall was killed by the Indians on his way to my trading house at the Doggsrach. I however held the election late in the evening and some half a days votes even polled. In regard to Ritz his wife was a neice of Mrs Carson, Sealer of Mrs ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I5_p002.jpg) Office of John S. Hough, County Judge County Judge Hinsdale County 2 Lake City, Colorado......................190 Shinack & half sister of Mrs Boggs. his cabins were on Boggs Ranch he farmed some land further who the Pengaloner, Carson grave where he & Mrs Carson was burried was about a hundred yards from Boggs first buildings I occupied one half of them & when Carson moved over from Tass he took the other half. Boggs having buildt a house farther West on the same road in which Carson was burned. You see we all lived close Together on account of Indian Troubles, Boggsville as we called it in them days- was the home of 5 familes Bogg's Ritz, Carson Prauen & Hough's my wife being the only American woman the first 3 named being Spanish & Prauen (my brother in law) being cheyenne. There is so much being said by people in regard to Carson that is unreliable that I have said perhaps more than necessary in reply to your letter You are right about Boggs being Executor of Carson Estate (or perhaps administrator) I feel pretty shure that the record you will find to be in Pueblo County. Yours very Truly Jno.s. Hough ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I6_p001.jpg) Lake City Colo. Sept. 9, 1907 Mr Geo L. Bean - Denver Colo Dear Mr. Bean - I am in receipt of the two pictures of Kit Carson coat (with myself inside) and am very much pleased with it. I am even so much obliged to you for sending them. I would liked one or two more to sattesfieyd some firend here who have been very much taken with the picture, so if convenient you you will oblige me by sending two more — with kind regards to all I remain Yours Truly Jnos Haugh ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I7_p001.jpg) ESTABLISHED 1871 ROBERT C. LOWRY & CO. WHOLESALE EXPORTERS AMERICAN WOODEN BOXES, Johnston Bldg.,Broadway, Cor 28th Street, New York. PHONE, 5019 MADISON, April 25, 1908. CABLE ADDRESS,"LOWYORK, NEW YORK" LOWRY BOX-CODE. Edward L. Sabin, Esq., #754 Quebec St., Denver, Colorado, My dear Sir: Answering yours of the 22nd inst., I am indeed glad to hear from you, and also most happy to give you every information in my power pertaining to General Kit Carson, for I knew him well, in fact, belonged to the same Mess with him at Fort Union, New Mexico, during the winter of 1863 and 1864 I think it was. Possibly the photograph that you mentioned as being at Fernandez De Taos, may be a copy of the same photograph that is in my possession. It was taken in Washington, a year or so before Gen Carson's death, and I give you a list herewith of the group of Officers, etc., that were taken with him, reading from left to right. I do not remember the Mr. Geo. H. Pettis that you mention. I left New Mexico in April 1865, and as I knew either personally or by reputation about all of the Americans that were at that time in New Mexico, possibly I may have forgotten him. I am, of course familiar with Taos, having spent a night and day there in the early sixties. I think about 1864. I rode through the mountains from Maxwell's Ranch to Taos, a distance of 65 miles in one night, solely to attend a Fandango at Taos. Got there in the early morning, and slept nearly all day, danced until about 2:00 A. M., the next day, and was back at Maxwell's Ranch about 10:00 o'clock that night. Got another horse and rode from Maxwell's into Ft. Union 50 miles the next day. I was young and tough in those old days, and 50 or 60 miles a day on a horse didn't bother me very much. Col. Carson was a very genial man, and there were one or two funny stories that I used to tell that amused him greatly, especially one that described a fight between two camp women at Ft. Union. I lived in Sante Fe the winter of 1863 and 1864, and he was there at the time, and almost always when I met him, he would stop and make me tell that story. He also used to lend me his horse to ride. It was a very ordinary looking yelllow horse, and a pacer, and by no means, the prancing steed that he was always pictured as mounted upon. He had a very gentle voice. Almost like a woman's and was very quiet and unassuming, and kind hearted, so much so that he quite won my heart, for I was only a boy or 17 or 18 years of age then, and to have Kit Carson notice me and seem attracted by my yarns,meant a great deal to me. I have often heard him tell the story of killing 10 Buffalo with 9 Bullets. Presume you have also heard it. Hoping to hear from you again, and some time to make your personal acquaintance, and be able to show you the photograph that I prize so highly, I remain, Yours very truly, Enclosure. Robt. C. Lowry ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I8_p001.jpg) Taos H. M. May 13th 1908 Mr. Edwin L. Sabin Denver Colo Dear Mr Sabin Your favor came duly to hand Simpson has been very sick, but is as mean as ever again. he was well aqainted with Capt Pettis who done so well during the fight at the Adobe Walls, have heard Kit speaking very high of him, Lowry we do not Know. There was a sketch of the old Bent Fort in the Sunday News Times Feb. 2nd 1908 in an article written by J. C. Soriley, The sketch was made by Lieutenant J. W. Abent of the U.S. Topographical Engineers in 1845. The only picture of William Bent was in possession of Prof. Francis W. Cragin of Colorado Springs, Colo. 1715 Wood Ave., who is writing a history of the West, he is the best informed I ever met, he is here now, but will return home in a short time have no picture of Col St. Vrain, but there are many in excistence. Sincerely yours, A.tchenrich regards from familie all well ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I9_p001.jpg) State of Rhode Island. STATE OF State Sealer of Weights, Measures and Balances. RHODE ISLAND STATE HOUSE, ROOMS 18 AND 19. [insignia of anchor] Providence, R.I. May 25th., 1908. HOPE GEORGE H. PETTIS, STATE SEALER. Edwin L. Sabin, Esq., 754 Quebec Street, Montclair Stattion, Denver, Colo. My Dear Sir:-- I beg leave, most respectfully, to acknowledge the receipt, this day, of a communication from you, dated the 20th inst. I have read your article in the April number of the "Recreation," with a great deal of in- terest, and must say that you are deserving of a great deal of credit for the same, considering that you wrote the whole story from heresay. Now let me say a few words about the story: the bet of the hat was correct, as I had both from Carson and Major (my old colonel) Carleton. You say that Carson gambled: he did not except to play draw poker with beans for chips. Whenever I called a hand of his his reply was "two pair," when he would haul down the pot, and looking over his glasses would say "Pettis, you can't play poker," in which assertion he was correct as he was in his other assertions. Now, as to his writing his reports, why he never wrote a line of penmanship in his life. When he statrted on his Navajoe expedition, Co. H, of my old regiment, (First California Infantry), was ordered to the Nav- ajoe country, as apart of the expedition. They arrived after some hard marches, at Fort Wingate. One of the men who was not well, wanted some- thing from the commissary departement, had his first sergeant write an order for it, and then took it over to headquarters for the Colonel to sign it. He was an observant cuss, and noticed that the Colonel did not read the order, but signed it as requested. He went back to the company quarters and mentioned the fact. Whereupon another soldier had the company clerk write him an order for a canteen of whiskey to be obtained at the sutler's store, the sutler was not allowed to sell any whiskey to an enlisted man, except upon the order of the commanding officer. The man took the order to Colonel Carson and said that it was order on the commissary, and the Colone signed it without hesitation. Well, this went on for at least two weeks, when the Colonel made a visit to the sutler's store, and looking around, said, "well, John (Waters) how is business?" Waters replied that it was in said, "well, John (Waters), ----- new page (MSSSC1072b_F1_I9_p002.jpg) Page . [Seal of the State of Rhode Island] State of Rhode Island. State Sealer of Weights, Measures and Balances. GEORGE H. PETTIS, STATE HOUSE, ROOMS 18 AND 19. STATE SEALER. Providence, R.I., 190 a flourishing condition; that he had sold since Co. H had got in, over two barrels of whiskey. The Colonel was very much disturbed at this, and said "Well John did 'nt you know that it was agin orders to sell whiskey without the authority of the commanding officer." John went behind the counter and lifting up a block of wood upon which was a long upright wire, to which was attached several hundred orders for whiskey, upon each of which was the Colonel"s Signature. He never signed any more orders until his adjutant John Murphy hd first read them. All the writing that the Colonel ever done was to sign his name thus: C. Carson. after much twisting about in his chair, and turning his head in forty direc- tions. As I never heard that he ever took any lessons in penmanship after 1864, I do not think he ever done much writing. Now, I will give you a pointer: Carson's most intimate friend and asociate was a Col. Pfeiffer, for the last twenty years of his life. He was a fighter, and never got into a skirmish with the Indians that he didn't get wounded. In March 1868, I was in Rhode Island, on a visit to my old home, having been absent fifteen years, and while there heard that Carson was at Washington with a number of Ute Indians; he visited Philadelphia, and I expected to meet him in New York. When I arrived there I found that we had passed eachother in the night, he being on his way to Boston. I did turn about, but kept on, being anxious to get back to my family at Los Al- godones. Upon leaving the train at Fort Hayes, Kansas, we took the stage coach for Santa Fe, and one afternoon we drove to the sutler's store at new Fort Lyons, when Col Pfeiffer opened the door of the coach, and recognozing myself, said "well, Pettis where is Col. Carson." I gave him all the in- formation that I had, and he said that theybwere expecting him by that coach. Now, he was right across the Arkansas river at a plaza called "La Junta," where Carson's wife was awaiting him. when Carson was in Boston as stated above, a photographer took a fine picture of him, and it was the last one ever taken, and if you would like a copy I can send you one. I do not know how you will get along with this long epistle, but I shall be happy, at any time, to give you any information about Carson that I passess when you ask for it. Iam; sir, very respectfully, Geo. H. Pettis, P. S.--The Historical Society of Santa Fe, N.M., have just publish ed a pamphlet entitled "The California Column," which will, no doubt, in- terst you, and you can get a copy by applying to the society for it. G. H. P.